Candidates should be able to: 

(a) show understanding that kinetic energy, potential energy (chemical, gravitational, elastic), light 
energy, thermal energy, electrical energy and nuclear energy are examples of different forms of 
energy 

(b) state the principle of the conservation of energy and apply the principle to new situations or to 
solve related problems 



(c) calculate the efficiency of an energy conversion using the formula efficiency = energy converted to 
useful output / total energy input 

(d) state that kinetic energy Ek = ½ mv 2 and gravitational potential energy Ep = mgh (for potential 
energy changes near the Earth’s surface) 

(e) apply the relationships for kinetic energy and potential energy to new situations or to solve related 
problems 

(f) recall and apply the relationship work done = force × distance moved in the direction of the force 
to new situations or to solve related problems 

(g) recall and apply the relationship power = work done / time taken to new situations or to solve 
related problems